PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match between the French league winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.